WHAT ARE WEB STANDARDS?
First, there are really no standards - there are only recommendations. These recommendations are laid out by the World Wide Web Consortium (w3c)
A W3C Recommendation is a specification or set of guidelines that, after extensive consensus-building, has received the endorsement of W3C Members and the Director. W3C recommends the wide deployment of its Recommendations.
Web standards mainly concentrate on three areas:
- Valid HTML/XML code
- Semantically Correct code
- Separation of content from presentation
Valid HTML/XML Code
Basically, what this means is that the code you have in your web page should be according to the definitions laid out in the doctype you have chosen for your document. This makes it easier to identify potential errors, lead to faster web development and building a better ground for maintenance.
Why validate?
Validation as a future-proof quality check Your website will be understood and parsed by newer browsers as they replace older ones.
Validation eases maintenance Creating Web pages or applications according to accepted coding standards makes them easier to maintain, even if the maintenance is done by someone other than the original developer.
Validation helps teach good practices Websites designed with validation in mind will always be nicely and neatly organised.
Validation is a sign of professionalism This is what will eventually separate professional designers from the chaff.
Semantically Correct code
The recommendations for good semantic code simple. Use heading elements (<h1> - <h6>) for headings and sub headings, paragraph elements (<p>) for paragraphs, and lists (<ul>, <ol> etc) for lists and so on.
This will help you and search engines to more easily find certain parts in a web page and will dramatically decrease load time because of less code - it will also improve maintenance.
Separation of Content, Presentation and Integration
The main reasons for the separation are:
Performance External files such as .css and .js will be cached at the visitor's web browser after the first load, dramatically decreasing load times.
Reusability It is easy to reference code and re-use it across the entire web site.
Maintenance All the code is in one central location which makes applying all presentation and interaction code to all the web pages within a web site.
